Undeground and Around Town with my Rolleiflex 3.5F, Freshly CLA’d

By David Pauley

My 1958 Rolleiflex 3.5F, my most-used camera, recently came back from Georgia-based technician Peter Jiang after a thorough rehabilitation. For a camera I’ve relied on since 2019, its absence has been deeply felt, and its return even more so.

This isn’t a post about the CLA, though I must acknowledge that Peter’s work is very good indeed. Instead, it’s about what it’s like to return to a camera that, despite being a longtime favorite, has recently been nudged aside by its fancier sibling, my 1967 Rollei 2.8F (acquired, like much of my kit, in a moment of GAS a few years back).

My Rolleiflex 3.5F on Peter’s workbench. Photo by Peter Jiang, 2026.

Though I love my 2.8F, some of the urban legends surrounding it—the superlatives about its rendering, the laments about its bulk—don’t entirely hold up. (I’ve posted a weight comparison that may surprise you on my website, and may soon do a side-by-side film test of the two F/Planars). What does distinguish the cameras most palpably, in use, is something subtler but more consequential: focal length. The 3.5F’s 75mm Planar, only 5mm wider than the lens on the 2.8F, nonetheless feels noticeably broader and airier to me. With the 3.5F, I find myself allowing more of the world into the frame, sometimes approaching the expansive way of seeing that I’ve been exploring, on a much wider canvas, with the Hasselblad SWC.

Winter Twilight, 2019. From my first color roll on this camera seven years ago. Kodak Portra 800.

The difference in maximum aperture, on the other hand, has always struck me as more psychological than practical. Although I’m grateful for the extra two-thirds of a stop the 2.8F provides, neither camera is especially speedy compared with a fast 35mm setup. Both reward a certain steadiness: bracing manually or with a tripod in low light to make use of slower shutter speeds, or, increasingly in my case, incorporating flash in certain situations. Here both Rolleiflexes excel. Their leaf shutters allow sync at all speeds, opening possibilities for mixing ambient light and strobe that are off limits with my Leica cameras, where flash sync tops out at 1/50th of a second.

The photographs that follow, all made with Kodak Tri-X 400, were taken in subway stations and at locations around Manhattan. They give some small sense of the 3.5F’s versatility and of the endless uses to which it can be put on a walk around the city.


I don’t imagine the folks at Franke and Heidecke ever expected that the Rolleiflex they designed for professionals in the 1950s would remain in use seventy years later, or that its owner during the past decade would be someone like me, an enthusiast seeking magic from a tool whose heyday is long past. While I’m grateful for the range of equipment I’ve sampled since 2019, picking up my 3.5F and putting it through its familiar paces confirms a simple truth: I will never exhaust the possibilities contained in this one compact package.

That realization—humbling, invigorating—keeps me coming back for more.

Thanks for reading.

 

PHOTO LIST: 1. (featured image) Sugar Bowl Self-Portrait, Odéon downtown, made with Rolleinar II; 2. Jay Street Duo; 3. subway Stairwell portrait; 4. Fulton transit hub oculus; 5.  cousins twirling; 6. aspiring bus driver, NYC Transit Museum; 7. Gregory, a Court Police Officer; 8. Shadow, Grand Central; 9. Bollards outside Grand Central; 10. Billionaire Megaliths; 11. Saint Patrick’s Cathedral; 12. Peter Hujar Exhibit, “Gracie Mansion Show, 40 Years Later,” Ortuzar NYC; 13. my luncheon companion, Rajiv; 14.  restored 3.5F & Godox Lux Senior flash mounted on a Bronica hand grip (iPhone photo).

You can see more of my work at leica1933.com

 

Peter Jiang, Rolleiflex specialist, can be reached by email at si*******@***il.com.

Share this post:

About The Author

By David Pauley
I'm a Brooklyn-based photographer and psychoanalyst. My journey with photography began in middle school in the late 1970s and revived in 2019 when I bought a used film camera and installed a darkroom in my basement. I'm committed to analog photography and am enthusiastic about the expressive power of old cameras, traditional processes and methods. You can see more of my work at www.leica1933.com.
Read More Articles From David Pauley

Find more similar content on 35mmc

Use the tags below to search for more posts on related topics:

Donate to the upkeep, or contribute to 35mmc for an ad-free experience.

There are two ways to contribute to 35mmc and experience it without the adverts:

Paid Subscription – £3.99 per month and you’ll never see an advert again! (Free 3-day trial).

Subscribe here.

Content contributor – become a part of the world’s biggest film and alternative photography community blog. All our Contributors have an ad-free experience for life.

Sign up here.

Make a donation – If you would simply like to support Hamish Gill and 35mmc financially, you can also do so via ko-fi

Donate to 35mmc here.

Comments

Erik Brammer on Undeground and Around Town with my Rolleiflex 3.5F, Freshly CLA’d

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

These are some great photographs, David! I am surprised that the youngsters in the metro station would allow you to take their picture. Or did they not notice? Hard to imagine with this very impressive flash setup you are showing. What a rig! :-)
I, too, really like my Rolleiflex 3.5F which in my copy is fitted with the Schneider Kreuznach Xenotar 75/3.5. The way one typically holds the camera combined with the rattle-free leaf shutter really allow very slow shutter speeds, at least compared to, say, the Hasselblad 500 C/M or Nikon F2 or even the Leica CL with its light meter arm flapping around with each exposure.

Looking forward to your next series!
Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

David Pauley replied:

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

Hi Eric, and thanks for your comment. The children in images 5 & 6 (cousins twirling and aspiring bus driver) are my grand-nephews on an outing to the NYC Transit Museum and were very much aware of me and the camera. The subway platform teens however are just strangers and were oblivious in the way most people with cell phones are these days to their surroundings, myself and my Rollei (sans flash) included. I was interested in how their body language echoed each others' at close proximity —it's like they were choreographed — though I doubt they ever noticed each other. I used the flash for the 2 shots of my grand-nephews (the transit museum is very dim and slow shutter speeds are impossible with darting kids!) but not in any of the other frames. I've always been curious about the Xenotar which is reputedly a superb lens, every bit the equal of the Planars. Although I don't feel qualified to evaluate lenses in any scientific manner I will hopefully compare the 2 Planars and the f3.5 triotar on a 1930s ' cord I own at some point down the line. Cheers!

Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Charles Young on Undeground and Around Town with my Rolleiflex 3.5F, Freshly CLA’d

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

good composition, good informal portaits. Thanks for sharing
Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

David Pauley replied:

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

Thank you Charles! Much appreciated!

Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Martin on Undeground and Around Town with my Rolleiflex 3.5F, Freshly CLA’d

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

Great pics. I'm especially impressed by the flash set-up which makes it look even better. Just a quck question and sorry if I'm stupid, but can you release the camera from the Bronica grip. So I guess is there some kind of cable release connected the grip?
Thanks and thanks for sharing your wonderful phototgraphy.
Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

David Pauley replied:

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

Hi Martin, and thanks so much for reading and commenting. The flash set-up is pretty cool, I must admit! Godox really nailed it with the Lux Senior which has the retro look of a flashbulb reflector with the convenience of USB charging. The only downside is that it isn't powerful enough to bounce -- you have to shoot head-on or close to it. For the shots in the transit museum (bounced fill) I used a more powerful speedlight mounted on the same bracket. Much less charming but still effective. The Bronica mount does have a trigger but it doesn't work with the Rolleiflex, but that's not much of an inconvenience as the shutter button on the other front corner of the camera is very accessible. I chose the Bronica grip because I already owned it and it's surprisingly comfortable in the hand.

Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Stephen Hanka on Undeground and Around Town with my Rolleiflex 3.5F, Freshly CLA’d

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

Wow! Thanks!
Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

David Pauley replied:

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

Thank you Stephen!

Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Walter Reumkens on Undeground and Around Town with my Rolleiflex 3.5F, Freshly CLA’d

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

An excellent article about your beloved Rolleiflex cameras. All backed up by some lovely photos you’ve taken. Two really good cameras and lenses. But after such a long time, whether in use or in a collection, they need professional servicing. The reward is that they’ll be as good as new afterwards. Fortunately, there are still precision engineers specialising in this field today. Here in Germany, more and more of them are retiring without leaving a successor.

Did the company’s founders and their heirs give any thought to the product’s lifespan? Probably too much thought. They failed to notice how demand for TLR and roll-film cameras was declining noticeably; within the company, the engineers’ improvements and new ideas were met with derision, It was only three years after the TLR was discontinued that the first SLR was released; it was arguably more in keeping with the times than the SLRs of their German competitors, but it failed to meet the high standards set by the Japanese. Outsourcing production to Singapore led to a decline in quality; the cameras were still too expensive, and bankruptcy was inevitable. This marked the inglorious end of the West German camera industry, from which only Leitz remains. But only by luck, and with massive help from Japanese firms in the construction of the R-series and later in digital technology.
.
Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

David Pauley replied:

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

Hi Walter, Great point about the Rolleiflex team's myopic focus on perfecting a technology whose fate was sealed once the first Nikon F (and Hasselblad 500 series) hit the marketplace. What was bad for the German camera industry is nonetheless great for folks like me who benefit from the extreme quality of the build. A hundred years from now, if humans are still around, I can see this camera continuing to function flawlessly. Cheers from Brooklyn.

Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Walter Reumkens replied:

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

If it continues to be looked after and maintained, that might well be the case. Neither of us will be around to see it. Having been born in Germany and lived here for 77 years, I am familiar with the history of the decline of the West German camera industry. Otto Barnack was unable to get his ideas off the ground at Carl Zeiss and moved to the microscope manufacturer Leitz, only to become responsible for ‘the Leica’ years later. Other developers were unable to get their ideas accepted. I don’t have a Rolleiflex, but I do have a Mamiya C3 + 330f. Why couldn’t Rollei produce interchangeable lenses, for example? This morning I received a Zorki 1 with an Industar-22 3.5/50mm lens, a Leica II / Elmar copy from 1955 made in the USSR. It looks beautiful, seems to work at first glance and the optics are clean; I’ve loaded a film to form a final opinion. It has been in the family for three generations since 1956. I think I’ll treat it to a CLA and have it fully serviced in Slovakia by a Russian specialist who now lives there. I reckon it’ll last another 100 years. All the best, David!

Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

David Pauley on Undeground and Around Town with my Rolleiflex 3.5F, Freshly CLA’d

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

Congratulations on the Zorki, Walter. Hopefully you'll share some photos from it once it's had its servicing. It is interesting that Rollei were so hidebound about their design, introducing separate wide and tele cameras rather than the far more convenient interchangeable lenses that Mamiya pioneered in the TLR context. In that way they are very much like Leica who have kept the same basic M body since 1954 (albeit with the exceptions of the Rs and several other lines over the years). An obsession with tradition? Something inherent in postwar German culture, perhaps? Then one thinks of Kodak, who invented the digital camera then dropped it and watched as others reaped the benefits.... Obviously this isn't just a German phenomenon!
Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Walter Reumkens replied:

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

Thanks for the congratulations, David. I’ve been looking for a decent model for ages, and I hope I’ve finally found one. The seller lives in a neighbouring town, and it puts my mind at ease that his grandfather bought it brand new whilst on a business trip to the USSR. There are currently lots of cameras from Arsenal (KIEV), FED and KMZ (Zenit, Zorki) being offered on eBay, mostly from Ukraine but also from ‘refugees’ who have been granted asylum in Germany; they live here but apparently travel regularly for a few days to the ‘war zone’ they fled from to source replacement goods. I’m now starting to have my doubts as to whether everything is above board. If the same thing happened at Kodak, it can’t be down to nationality; it must be management errors.:-)) I’ll send you a link to a detailed analysis of this topic.

Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Walter Reumkens replied:

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

https://www.klassik-cameras.de/WestdeutscheSLR.html Unfortunately, it is only available in German. All the information on this website is well worth a look. Some sections are in English.

Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Andrew on Undeground and Around Town with my Rolleiflex 3.5F, Freshly CLA’d

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

Reminds me how grim those NYC subway trains are. They always look to me that they were designed to accommodate livestock, not humans…….Come to Europe and experience decent urban transport…… :-)
Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

David Pauley replied:

Comment posted: 29/05/2026

Agreed Andrew!! The subway car with the twirling kids, in the NYC Transit Museum, is actually a historic train from the 1930s, hence the lack of other people and lack of obvious litter. But even squeaky clean cars made in Canada by Bombarier last week become gross within a short span. Part of my beloved home city's ineffable charm...!

Reply

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Leave a Comment

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *